Small claims court is a part of the court system dedicated to handling financial disputes ranging from $100 to $25,000. The term “small claim” refers to the maximum amount allowed under law for the State where the case is being filed. For example, Delaware has a maximum claim limit of $2,500 while Tennessee is $25,000.

Perhaps the largest benefit to filing a small claims action is that it’s usually fast-tracked with a hearing within 30 days. This is especially common with cases related to housing such as evictions.

The Small Claims Limits ($) are used to determine the maximum allowable claim for all 50-States. If a larger amount is being claimed, the petitioner will be required to file in a district, circuit, judicial, or superior court.

It is common to see petitioners in small claims court representing themselves. This is not always recommended, although, due to the small amount being claimed may be the only option.

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The first step is to inform the defendant that they have a matter about to be filed against them. Also known as a “pre-trial letter”, this may be required by the local court as a last chance for the defendant to settle the claim.

To file, submit the appropriate paperwork, usually a complaint and summons, to the small claims court and pay any filing fees. If you’re successful in your claim, the filing fee and other expenses incurred will be billed to the defendant.

Requirements for notification vary by jurisdiction. While some require personal service, where the defendant is handed papers in a face-to-face encounter, others allow the notification to be sent by certified mail. It’s not always easier to serve a defendant – evasion can be its own legal strategy – but making a good-faith effort will usually be enough to satisfy the court.

Small claims courts are filled with non-lawyers going it alone. While it is possible to hire an attorney for a small claims matter, simple economics means that paying for counsel will often not be worth it.

Even without a lawyer at your side, take the time to prepare your case and present it professionally before the court. Decorum can make all the difference.

Unlike other legal matters, small claims cases are quickly adjudicated, with a judgment rendered at the conclusion of the hearing.

Remember that merely possessing a judgment in your favor does not guarantee that you’ll be able to easily collect. Though the law is on your side, actually getting paid can be its own legal battle.