In this box, enter the amount of gross contributions, including excess contributions, made to a traditional IRA during the calendar year. Include any contributions made through April 15 of the following year that were designated for the tax year.

Do not include the amounts reported in boxes 2-4, 8-10, 13a, and 14a.^[10] If an employee made any contributions to a SEP IRA, report those contributions in box 1 instead of box 8.

Enter the amount of any rollover contributions, or contributions treated as rollovers, made to the IRA. For the rollover of property, enter the FMV of the property as of the date it was received.^[11]

Do not include late rollover contributions in this amount.

Enter the amount converted from a traditional IRA, SEP IRA, or SIMPLE IRA to a Roth IRA. Do not include any rollover contributions to a Roth IRA reported in box 2.^[12]

Enter the amount of any contributions that were recharacterized from one type of IRA to another. Include any earnings that were accumulated on these contributions as well.^[13]

Enter the FMV of the account as of December 31 of the previous year.^[14]

If the participant died during the year and Form 5498 is being filed on behalf of the decedent, enter the FMV of the account as of the date of death.^[15]

Enter the amount included in box 1 that is allocable to the cost of life insurance. This only applies to endowment contracts.^[16]

Check the appropriate box to identify the type of IRA for which Form 5498 is being filed.^[17]

If applicable, enter the amount of any employer contributions made to a SEP IRA during the calendar year, including contributions made during the calendar year that were designated for the previous year.

Include any contributions made by a self-employed person to their own account.^[18]

If applicable, enter the amount of any employer contributions made to a SIMPLE IRA during the calendar year, including contributions made during the calendar year that were designated for the previous year.^[19]

Enter any contributions made to a Roth IRA during the calendar year, as well as those made through April 15 of the following year that were designated for the calendar year. Do not include the Roth IRA conversion amounts reported in box 3.^[20]

If the IRA participant turned 72 during the calendar year, check this box to indicate that they must begin taking RMDs from their IRA.

This box must be checked for the year in which the IRA participant reaches the age of 72, even if the RMD date falls in the following year.^[21]

If applicable, enter the date by which the RMD must be made. For the year that the IRA participant turned 72, this date is April 1 of the following year.^[22]

If applicable, enter the amount of the RMD with respect to the IRA for the calendar year.^[23] Use the IRS website to calculate the RMD amount for each participant.

The trustee is not required to complete box 12b if they choose instead to furnish a separate statement to the participant informing them that they must take an RMD and offering to calculate the amount of the RMD upon request.^[24]

Enter the amount of any postponed or late contributions made during the calendar year that were designated for a prior year. Only the postponed contributions for one prior year may be reported on a single Form 5498.^[25] Postponed contributions designated for a different prior year must be reported on a separate 5498.

Enter the year for which the postponed contributions in box 13a were made. If the contributions reported in box 13a were late rollover contributions or rollovers of qualified plan loan offset amounts, leave box 13b blank.^[26]

If no postponed or late contributions were reported in box 13a, leave this box blank.

Input the code that corresponds to the reason for the participant’s postponed contributions. See the IRS instructions for the specific codes corresponding to different situations.

If the participant did not make any postponed contributions, leave this box blank.

If applicable, enter the amount of any repayment of a qualified reservist distribution, a qualified disaster distribution, or a qualified birth or adoption distribution. If these circumstances do not apply to the participant, leave this box blank.^[27]

Input the code corresponding to the type of repayment made by the participant. Use “QR” for a qualified reservist distribution, “DD” for a qualified disaster distribution, or “BA” for a qualified birth or adoption distribution. If no repayment was reported in box 14a, leave this box blank.^[28]

Enter the FMV of any assets held in the IRA that are not readily tradable on an established securities market or option exchange, or that do not have a readily available FMV. For these assets, use the FMV determined as of December 31 of the calendar year.^[29]

Refer to the box below for a list of investment types for which the FMV is reported in box 15a.

If applicable, input the code for the type or types of assets held in the IRA for which the FMV was reported in box 15a. You may input up to two codes in this box.^[30]

Applicable codes include:

• A – Stock or other ownership interest in a corporation that is not readily tradable on an established securities market
• B – Short- or long-term debt obligation that is not traded on an established securities market
• C – Ownership interest in a limited liability company or similar entity
• D – Real estate
• E – Ownership interest in a partnership, trust, or similar entity
• F – Option contract or similar product that is not offered for trade on an established option exchange
• G – Other asset that does not have a readily available FMV
• H – More than two of the above types of assets

Six boxes on the left side of Form 5498 require information that identifies the trustee or issuer and the participant, including:

• Trustee/Issuer information – name, full address, and phone number
• Trustee/Issuer TIN – taxpayer identification number
• Participant’s TIN – normally an SSN/ITIN or EIN
• Participant’s name – full name
• Participant’s street address – number and street only
• Participant’s remaining address – city/town, state/province, country, Zip/postal code

The participant’s TIN must be entered in XXX-XX-XXXX (SSN or ITIN) or XX-XXXXXXX (EIN) format on Copy A of this form.^[31]

The account number field is generally provided for the trustee’s reference and for internal recordkeeping. It is required if you have multiple accounts for a recipient for whom you are filing more than one Form 5498.

The IRS encourages you to designate an account number for all 5498 forms you file. Note that the account number must be unique and cannot appear anywhere else on Form 5498.^[32]